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Estimated Soybean farming investment and profit per acre in USA

The USA is the largest producer of soybean every year globally. Soybean can be used to make healthy kitchen oil, animal feed, biofuel, etc. Although soybean is very useful many times people can't get an accurate estimation of soybean production and profit per acre/hectare. Some other profitable crops in the USA are maize, wheat, cotton, sugarcane,  sorghum, etc.

Soybean yield and profit per acre

Let's understand the production of yield and profit of soybean farming one by one. 

Soybean yield and profit per acre/hectare

Soybean yield per acre/Hectare 

Following is an average data that is collected from local farmers' farms- 

Per acre

  • Plants per acre- 15,000 to 16,000 
  • Line-to-line distance- 50 cm
  • Plant-to-plant distance- 50 cm
  • Mortality rate- 2%
  • Per plant yield- 85 to 100 gram

Total yield per acre- 1250 kg to 1480 kg

Per hectare  

  • Plants per hectare- 38,000 to 40,000
  • Mortality rate - 2%

Total yield per hectare- 3,300kg to 3,500kg

Soybean investment per acre/Hectare

We can divide the total investment into two parts. First is the initial investment that we use till the germination of seeds. The second investment is part of the regular maintenance of the crop. 

Investment per acre:

One cycle investment

  • Seed cost- $20 to $30
  • Plowing cost- $80 to $100
  • Fertilizers cost- $50

Total cost-  $150 to $180

Secondary investment

  • Fertilization- $100
  • Irrigation cost- $80
  • Pesticides cost- $50

Total cost- $230 

Investment per hectare:

One-cycle investment

  • Seed cost- $40 to $50
  • Plowing cost- $200 to $250
  • Fertilizers cost- $120

Total cost- $360 to $420

Secondary investment

  • Fertilization- $200 to $250
  • Irrigation cost- $120
  • Pesticides cost- $70

Total cost- $390 to $440

Soybean profit per acre/Hectare 

  • Per plant production- 85 to 100 gram

Profit per acre

  • Total production per acre- 1250 to 1480 kg
  • Total investment during the entire cycle per acre- $380 to $410
  • The market price of total yield per acre- $1,020

Profit margin per acre- $610 to $640

After excluding transportation cost, your final net profit will be $550 to $620

Profit per hectare

  • Total production per hectare- 3,300 kg 
  • Total investment during the entire cycle per hectare- $750 to $810
  • The market price of total yield per hectare- $2,310 to $2,400

Profit margin per hectare- $1500 to $1560.

After adding transportation costs, the net profit margin will remain $1,350 to $1,380

Requirements to grow soybean

Soil type and pH

Soil should not hold water for soybean farming and soil pH should range from 6.3 to 7.1. 

If soil components make pH like this but are not able to drain extra water, it is not likely to be ideal for soybean cultivation. 

Temperature and climate 

For soybean cultivation, the temperature for seed germination should be in the range of 18 to 20 degrees Celcius. For further growth, it should increase up to 25 degrees Celcius and at the time of harvesting, it can increase up to 30 degrees Celcius. 

Ordinary even climate conditions are good for soybean farming.

Season of growing 

Soybean takes 50 to 70 days till final harvesting. Soybean cultivation season starts in late spring. Till the time of harvesting, the climate starts to enter in early summer to mid-summer sometimes. 

Fertilizers 

Most of the time, we can use organic 90% decomposed compost but its components matter according to soil health. If soil is acidic or too alkaline, compost quality and component change according to conditions. 

Other liquid organic fertilizers follow the same thing but their overuse can affect the crop yield badly. 

It is also important to use fungicides to prevent diseases like brown spots, downy mildew, purple seed stain, white mold, etc.

Irrigation 

      Soybean doesn't need too much water to grow. Center pivot irrigation installation system is costly, So it is better to irrigate your fields manually. Although this method is not precise you can try drip irrigation or sprinklers irrigation system. 

Is Soybean farming profitable in the USA?

Yes, Soybean farming is profitable in the USA. For short-term crop production, it is a profitable cultivation method. You can get 1.5 times your investment just in 2 to 2.5 months and can produce a healthy soybean farm. 
In one acre area, you can get $500 to $700 easily if you follow the right process of soybean production. In a hectare, you can increase your income and can get, $1,200 to $1,400 in 2 to 2.5 months. 
Although there is a need for regular inspection and care of plants and it also includes transportation charges. But still, it is a better option for farmers to produce profitable soybean yield. 
You can also increase your earnings by practicing the sustainable method of soybean cultivation. As you can separate soybean oil from seeds and can use soybean waste as animal feed or decompose it for compost making. Although it will increase your work but still selling soybean oil is more profitable. 
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